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IELTS Writing - Task 1 - Pie Chart

IELTS
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Lectures for Writing
Task 1 - Pie Chart
Task 1 - Pie Chart
๐Ÿ“Œ IELTS Writing Task 1 ๊ฐœ์š” Task 1์—๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋‹ค์Œ ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ฐ€ ํฌํ•จ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. โ–ธ 1) ๊ทธ๋ž˜ํ”ฝ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ์„ค๋ช… โ€ข ์–ด๋–ค ๊ทธ๋ž˜ํ”ฝ์ธ์ง€ ์งง๊ฒŒ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ถ€๋ถ„ โ–ธ 2) ์ง€์‹œ๋ฌธ โ€ข "Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant. Write at least 150 words." โ–ธ 3) ๊ทธ๋ž˜ํ”ฝ โ€ข line graph(์„  ๊ทธ๋ž˜ํ”„) โ€ข bar chart(๋ง‰๋Œ€ ๊ทธ๋ž˜ํ”„) โ€ข pie chart(ํŒŒ์ด ์ฐจํŠธ) โ€ข table(ํ‘œ) โ€ข ๋˜๋Š” ์œ„ ๊ทธ๋ž˜ํ”ฝ๋“ค์˜ ์กฐํ•ฉ(multiple charts) โ–ธ ํ•ต์‹ฌ ์š”๊ตฌ์‚ฌํ•ญ โ€ข ๋‘ ๊ทธ๋ž˜ํ”ฝ ๋ชจ๋‘์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์š”์•ฝํ•˜๊ณ  ์ฃผ์š” ํŠน์ง•์„ ๋ณด๊ณ  โ€ข ๊ทธ๋ž˜ํ”ฝ ๊ฐ„์— ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ๋น„๊ต(comparisons) ์ œ์‹œ ๐Ÿ“Œ Comparison Data ๊ฐœ์š” โ–ธ Comparison(๋น„๊ต)์ด๋ž€? โ€ข ๋‘ ๊ฐœ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ทธ ์ด์ƒ์˜ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ์„ธํŠธ ๊ฐ„์˜ ์œ ์‚ฌ์ (similarities)๊ณผ ์ฐจ์ด์ (differences)์„ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ โ–ธ Comparison Data ๋ฌธ์ œ์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ํ‘œ์ง€(Time Markers) โ€ข ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ํ‘œ์ง€๊ฐ€ 2๊ฐœ ์ดํ•˜๋กœ ํฌํ•จ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Œ โ€ข 0๊ฐœ, 1๊ฐœ, ๋˜๋Š” 2๊ฐœ์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ํ‘œ์ง€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด Comparison Data ๋ฌธ์ œ๋กœ ํŒ๋‹จ โ–ธ Comparison Data ๋ฌธ์ œ์˜ ๋น„๊ต ๋ฐฉ์‹ โ€ข ๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์„ ๋งŽ์€ ์ˆ˜์˜ ํŠน์ง•(features)์œผ๋กœ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ โ€ข ๋‘ ๊ฐœ ์ด์ƒ์˜ ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์„ ๋” ์ ์€ ์ˆ˜์˜ ํŠน์ง•์œผ๋กœ ๋น„๊ต ๐Ÿ“Œ Comparison Data ์ž‘์„ฑ ์ „๋žต โ–ธ STEP 1. ๊ณผ์ œ ์ดํ•ด (Understand the Task) ์ง€์‹œ๋ฌธ์˜ ํ•ต์‹ฌ: "Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant." โ–ธ STEP 2. ๋‹ต์•ˆ ๊ณ„ํš (4๋‹จ๋ฝ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ, 150๋‹จ์–ด ์ด์ƒ) โ†’ 1. ์„ค๋ช…(description)์„ ํŒจ๋Ÿฌํ”„๋ ˆ์ด์ฆˆ โ†’ 2. ๊ฐœ์š” ๋‹จ๋ฝ(overview paragraph) ์ž‘์„ฑ โ†’ 3. ๋ณธ๋ก  2๋‹จ๋ฝ(body paragraphs) ์ž‘์„ฑ โ€ป ๊ฒฐ๋ก ์€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Œ (No conclusion needed) ๐Ÿ“Œ Pie Chart โ–ธ Pie Chart ์ข…๋ฅ˜ ๋‹จ์ผ ํŒŒ์ด ์ฐจํŠธ (Single Pie Chart) โ€” ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ์„ธํŠธ์˜ ๋น„์œจ ํ‘œ์‹œ ๋‹ค์ค‘ ํŒŒ์ด ์ฐจํŠธ (Multiple Pie Charts) โ€” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์‹œ์ ยท๊ตญ๊ฐ€ยท๊ทธ๋ฃน ๊ฐ„ ๋น„์œจ ๋น„๊ต ๋„๋„› ์ฐจํŠธ (Doughnut Chart) โ€” ๊ฐ€์šด๋ฐ๊ฐ€ ๋น„์–ด์žˆ๋Š” ํ˜•ํƒœ์˜ ํŒŒ์ด ์ฐจํŠธ โ–ธ Pie Chart ์‹œ์ œ ๊ฒฐ์ •๋ฒ• ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ (์˜ˆ: in 2010) โ†’ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์‹œ์ œ ํ˜„์žฌ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ๋˜๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜ ์‚ฌ์‹ค โ†’ ํ˜„์žฌ ์‹œ์ œ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜ ์˜ˆ์ธก (projected, will) โ†’ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜ ์‹œ์ œ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ + ํ˜„์žฌ ๋น„๊ต โ†’ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ + ํ˜„์žฌ ํ˜ผํ•ฉ โ–ธ Pie Chart ํ•ต์‹ฌ ํ‘œํ˜„ โ—† ๋น„์œจ ํ‘œํ˜„(Proportion / Percentage) โ†’ accounts for / makes up / represents / constitutes โ†’ A accounts for 30% of the total โ†’ A makes up the largest proportion of... โ†’ A represents a significant share of... โ—† ๋ถ„์ˆ˜ ํ‘œํ˜„(Fractions) โ€” ๋น„์œจ์„ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ํ•ต์‹ฌ โ†’ 50% โ†’ half / a half โ†’ 25% โ†’ a quarter / one-fourth โ†’ 33% โ†’ a third / one-third โ†’ 66% โ†’ two-thirds โ†’ 75% โ†’ three-quarters โ†’ 10% โ†’ a tenth / one in ten โ—† ๊ทผ์‚ฌ์น˜ ํ‘œํ˜„(Approximation) โ†’ approximately, roughly, around, just over, just under, nearly, almost โ—† ๋น„์ค‘ ๋น„๊ต ํ‘œํ˜„ โ†’ A is the largest/biggest category โ†’ B is the smallest segment โ†’ C accounts for the majority of... โ†’ D makes up a minority of... โ†’ E and F are roughly equal โ—† ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ํŒŒ์ด ์ฐจํŠธ ๊ฐ„ ๋ณ€ํ™” ํ‘œํ˜„ โ†’ ์ฆ๊ฐ€: rose, increased, climbed (by X percentage points) โ†’ ๊ฐ์†Œ: fell, decreased, dropped (by X percentage points) โ†’ ์œ ์ง€: remained the same, stayed constant โ†’ ๋‘ ๋ฐฐ: doubled / ์ ˆ๋ฐ˜: halved โ–ธ Pie Chart ์ž‘์„ฑ ๊ตฌ์กฐ (4๋‹จ๋ฝ) โ—† 1) ์„œ๋ก (Introduction) โ†’ ์ฐจํŠธ ์„ค๋ช…์„ ํŒจ๋Ÿฌํ”„๋ ˆ์ด์ฆˆ โ†’ ์˜ˆ: "The pie chart shows..." โ†’ "The given chart illustrates the proportion of..." โ—† 2) ๊ฐœ์š” ๋‹จ๋ฝ(Overview) โ†’ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ๋น„์ค‘๊ณผ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ž‘์€ ๋น„์ค‘ ๋“ฑ ๋‘๋“œ๋Ÿฌ์ง„ ํŠน์ง• ์š”์•ฝ โ†’ ๊ตฌ์ฒด์  ์ˆ˜์น˜๋Š” ํฌํ•จํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Œ โ—† 3) ๋ณธ๋ก  1(Body Paragraph 1) โ†’ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ๋น„์ค‘์„ ์ฐจ์ง€ํ•˜๋Š” ํ•ญ๋ชฉ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ƒ์„ธ ์„ค๋ช… โ†’ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ํ•ญ๋ชฉ๋ผ๋ฆฌ ๋ฌถ์–ด์„œ ์„œ์ˆ  โ—† 4) ๋ณธ๋ก  2(Body Paragraph 2) โ†’ ๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€ ํ•ญ๋ชฉ ์„ค๋ช… ๋˜๋Š” ์ฐจํŠธ ๊ฐ„ ๋น„๊ต (๋‹ค์ค‘ ํŒŒ์ด ์ฐจํŠธ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ) ๐Ÿ“Œ Reminders โ–ธ 1. ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋ฐฐ๋ถ„ โ€ข ๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ ๋ผ์ดํŒ… ๊ณผ์ œ๋ฅผ ์™„๋ฃŒํ•  ์‹œ๊ฐ„์€ ์ด 60๋ถ„ โ€ข Task 1์—๋Š” 20๋ถ„๋งŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉ ๊ถŒ์žฅ โ€” Task 1์€ Task 2 ์ ์ˆ˜์˜ ์ ˆ๋ฐ˜์— ํ•ด๋‹นํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ โ–ธ 2. ๋™์‚ฌ ์‹œ์ œ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ์— ์œ ์˜ โ€ข ๋น„๊ต์˜ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋™์‚ฌ ์‹œ์ œ๋ฅผ ์ ์ ˆํžˆ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ”์•ผ ํ•จ โ€ข ํ˜„์žฌ-ํ˜„์žฌ(present-to-present) ๋น„๊ต โ€ข ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ-๊ณผ๊ฑฐ(past-to-past) ๋น„๊ต โ€ข ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ-ํ˜„์žฌ(past-to-present) ๋น„๊ต โ–ธ 3. ์ „์ฒด ํŒจํ„ด๊ณผ ๋ณ€ํ™” ํฌ์ฐฉ โ€ข ์ „๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ํŒจํ„ด(overall patterns) ํŒŒ์•… โ€ข ํ•œ ๊ทธ๋ž˜ํ”ฝ์—์„œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ทธ๋ž˜ํ”ฝ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋ฉด์„œ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์‚ฌ๋ผ์ง€๋Š” ํŠน์ง•(features which appear or disappear) ๊ธฐ๋ก โ–ธ 4. ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ํ‘œํ˜„ ์‚ฌ์šฉ โ€ข ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ ๊ตฌ์กฐ(sentence structures), ๋™์˜์–ด(synonyms), ๋™์‚ฌ ํ˜•ํƒœ(verb forms) ํ™œ์šฉ